With the advances in reconnaissance and reconnaissance-strike integrated technology， the transparency of the battlefield in modern warfare is increasing. The survival of military targets faces serious threats， and camouflage protection is an important prerequisite to ensure the survival on the battlefield. The inception， emergence， development and maturing of camouflage technology applications are reviewed； summarizes the research status of certain camouflage technologies such as stealth， sheltering， disruptive pattern-making， and faking. The analysis suggests that future camouflage technologies may incorporate multispectral compatibility， intelligent adaptation， and integrated designs. The paper provides important and valuable references to the R&D of military target camouflage technologies.